Ah the normal using the wrong level shifter problem. i2c shifters are too slow for addressable LEDs, I suggest using a proper recommended shifter The SN74AHCT125 is a good choice.
If you want more info showing how those i2c shifters don’t work you can see that here: Levelshifter Analysis
I am not sure about the HA stuff, as I don’t use it. I think @ALDIY does some stuff in HA so maybe he will chime in (sorry ALDIY if I’m mistaken here)
All of the apps are community made, aside from the regular WLED one that I don’t believe is actively maintained anymore (likely due to time constraints).